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Synechococcus as a model genus for studying adaptation of marine phytoplankton to environmental changes – SAMOSA
Oceans are particularly affected by climate change, which notably causes concomitant rises of i) average seawater temperature, ii) flux of UV radiations reaching the sea surface and iii) proportion of the ocean covered by nutrient-poor oceanic waters. One major challenge for understanding the impact
Identifying environmental parameters affecting the dynamics of mobile genetic elements involved in antibiotic resistance dissemination – ReguloMobile
The aim of the ReguloMobile project is to understand the dynamics of mobile genetic elements responsible for antibiotic resistance gene transfer in the environment. The emphasis is given to a couple of parameters repeatedly pointed out in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance: the antibiotics a
Regulation of glycerolipids interconversion in plants in response to environmental variations – Reglisse
The Reglisse project relies on complementary approaches: (1) using chemical and conventional genetics altering connections between Pi signalling and lipid remodelling; (2) focusing on components controlling glycerolipid equilibriums at both transcriptional and post transcriptional levels, including
Emergence of OPportunistic Oyster Pathogens in natural Vibrio pOPulations – OPOPOP
Global change linked to temperature increase and ocean acidification but also more direct anthropogenic influences, such as aquaculture, have caused a worldwide increase in the reports of Vibrio-associated illness, affecting humans but also animals such as corals and mollusks. In particular, over th
Mechanisms of adaptation to Climate Change: how will phenotypic plasticity, microevolution and migration affect forest trees phenology ? – MeCC
In this project, we aim at studying the interplay of the three above mechanisms to describe and forecast adaptation of forest trees to climate change. More specifically, we want to (1) evaluate the adaptive value of phenotypic plasticity in current and future climates at different spatial and tempor
The role of GENetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity in adaptations to changing Environments: a genomic analySIS of a biological invasion – GENESIS
The aim of the proposed project is to address a central question in Conservation Biology: what is the role of genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity in adapting to changing environmental conditions? This will be achieved by an integrated approach using state-of-the-art genomic approach in combi
Diversity and Genomics of Nickel hyperAccumulation in plants – EvoMetoNicks
Nickel (Ni) is a heavy metal widely used in the industry to produce stainless steel and rechargeable batteries that are used in everyday life. However, the Ni mining industry leads to environmental pollution and has a direct impact on biodiversity. In the context of a sustainable development, it is
Exploitation of the knowledge on Oomycete effectors to drive the discovery of durable disease resistance in cultivated plants – EFFECTOORES
Plant pathogenic Oomycetes cause important losses in agriculture. Tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans, sunflower downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii and grapevine downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola are three economically important diseases caused by Oomycetes. Disease
Allatostatin receptors and stress resilience in honey bees – ASTRAPIS
Populations of honey bees are declining in several parts of the world, which can have dramatic economical and ecological consequences if it cannot be stopped. Scientific studies have identified several factors of stress responsible for this, due to the worldwide dissemination of pests and parasites
Adaptations to dietary shift in aquaculture: characterization and enhancement – AGREENFISH
Global aquaculture has expanded continuously over the last 30 years to meet the increasing demand of fish for human consumption, which can no longer be met by fisheries captures. The growth of aquaculture has generated an increasing demand of raw materials for aquafeeds. However, the volume of fish
Mechanisms of adaptation to heat stress and a suboptimal diet in laying hens – ChickStress
Climate change, economic constraints and social concern for a sustainable agriculture will strongly influence animal production systems. Poultry production is a major source of proteins for human food all over the world. Improving the adaptation of chicken lines to variable conditions of climate and
Genetic, genomic and ecophysiologigal bases of tomato adaptation to water stress and other environmental stresses – AdapTom
Understanding mechanisms governing plant adaptation to the environment is a crucial challenge in the light of current issues concerning climate change. The diversity present in natural populations and genetic resources is a vital source of traits and alleles for crops, many of which may have been in
Understanding the genetic and environmental determinisms of water use efficiency to improve sustainability of forest tree plantations – WUEtree
The WUEtree project focuses on "water use efficiency (WUE)" and the functional related traits because the challenge of many tree plantation programs, facing the global changes, is to improve the tree adaptation and the biomass production without increasing water extraction. The project responds to B
How does SElfing affect ADaptation: Genetic and demographic effects – SEAD
The ability for a population to adapt to environmental changes depends on several factors such as its size, genetic diversity, or mating patterns, in particular selfing rates. In flowering plants, mating patterns are highly variable from strict outcrossing to predominant selfing and almost a half se
Adaptation to variable pesticide doses – SilentAdapt
Two major issues remain stumbling blocks in our current understanding of the evolution of resistance and their management in presence of low doses. (1) The first concerns trade-offs among environments with zero, low or high doses of pesticides. In particular it is not clearly established whether ada
Genetic improvement of sown grasslands in the face of climatic hazard: promoting diversity – PRAISE
A major challenge for agriculture is to propose sustainable cropping systems that are adapted to the ongoing climate change. Plant diversity is necessary to increase the ability of plant populations or communities to adapt to new environmental conditions, but conventional plant breeding is based on