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Expression of the chloroplast genome: OPR proteins and ribonucleoprotein complexes. – ChloroRNP
ChloroRNP aims at a better understanding of the mechanism coordinating gene expression between the nucleus and the chloroplast in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Regulators of gene expression (ROGEs), nuclear-encoded, target each post-transcriptional step in chloroplast gene expression. Most ROGEs contai
Eco-evolutionary dynamics in deep time – ECODEV
The aim of the projekt is to understand the impact of global environmental changes on the structuration and evolution of marine diversity. The interest of ancient times is to provide a dynamic overall view of intercations between the actors of the ecosystem and their environment, interactions at the
Combined effects of anthropogenic stressors and parasitism on the genetic variation, behaviour, physiology and functional role of Gammarus freshwater amphipods – MultiStress
A first aim of the present project is to examine how combinations of abiotic stressors such as contaminants (metal, endocrine disruptor and neurotoxic compounds) and temperature, with a biotic stressor (parasitism) can impact the behaviour and physiology of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex. A
Effects of prenatal stress on the early development of behaviour and cognitive capabilities: a comparative approach – PReSTO'Cog
Embryonic stress (via maternal stress or, potentially, via a chronic stress directly applied to the embryo) induces crucial changes in behavioural and cognitive development in juveniles. The mecanisms and adaptive value of these processes remains unknown. Oviparous species are particularly pertinent
Social heredity as a process of biodiversity – SOC-H2
Biology is undergoing a profound mutation stimulated by discoveries in various fields, including behavioral and developmental biology, as well as epigenetics and evolutionary ecology. Hence, today the position that the inheritance of phenotypic variation only rests on genetic variation is no longer
Using the RESOMAR Benthic Macrofauna Database to assess spatio-temporal dynamics of coastal benthic assemblages and Environmental Status in relation with descriptor 1 (Biodiversity) of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) – BenthoVal
This project will evaluate the Ecological Quality (EcoQ) of coastal benthic habitats of Metropolitan France. It asks fundamental scientific questions, but will provide guidelines that will help implement public policy in the short, mid, and long term. Specific objectives include the development, val
Molecular portrait of a developmentally competent fish egg – Maternal Legacy
The control and understanding of oocyte quality (i.e. the oocyte ability to be fertilized and subsequently develop into a normal embryo) is an important socio-economical issue in the context of human and animal reproduction. “What does it take to make a developmentally competent egg?” is also a majo
Identification and molecular characterization of the DOMINANT DOUBLE (DODO) and DOUBLE FLOWER (DF) mutations in Petunia and Rose – DODO
Mutations controlling double flower formation in Petunia and rose rely on a molecular mechanism that has not been described yet in the model plant Arabidopsis. The goal of this project is to identify the molecular nature of these mutations and to understand their mechanisms by combining genetics, ge
Intracellular accommodation of nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria – BugsInACell
Nitrogen fixing root symbioses of legume plants with rhizobia and of actinorhizal plants with Frankia constitute a major input of combined nitrogen in the biosphere. These endosymbioses rely on the intimated contact between thousands of intracellular bacteria and their host cells in the root nodules
Genomics, transcriptomics and epigenomics of the host adaptation in Lepidoptera species (Ostrinia spp.) – Adapt-Ome
Herbivorous insects , particularly crop pests , mostly show a strong specialization to one or a few host plants. The underlying mechanisms of this specialization and the link between this specialization and reproductive isolation leading to the emergence of new species of insects remain still rarely
A trait-based approach linking individual Fitness of Fungal plant pathogens to ecological strategies. – FunFit
Fungi are among the most frequent damaging agents of plants, in natural and managed ecosystems. In recent years, they have been identified as a major cause of emerging diseases in the context of global change, especially through the introduction of previously absent species in new areas. Understandi
Historical and contemporary factors driving the evolution of host specialisation in disease vectors – ESPEVEC
The main objective of ESPEVEC is to understand the factors that favour host specialisation in ticks and the consequences of this evolution for the transmission of associated pathogens. The three tick systems studied are of particular medical and economic interest, involving two hard tick vectors of
Documenting African Crop Domestication – AfriCrop
The development of sedentary societies is tightly linked to the development of agriculture. Several scenarios about the time and speed of the settlement of agricultural societies in the different continents are still under debate. The study of the origin, domestication process and spread of differen
Immune and METabolic control in intracellular SYMbiosis of insects – IMetSym
This project focuses on two agronomic pest insects that have different and independent evolutionary and symbiotic histories: the cereal weevil Sitophilus oryzae, and the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. It is founded at the interface between immunity, metabolism and symbiosis. It aims at deciphering m
Sensitivity of honeybee sodium and calcium channels to pyrethroids : molecular aspects and consequences on foraging behaviour – BEE-CHANNELS
Honeybees’ sensitivity to insecticides is involved in the extensive colony losses measured worldwide. Pyrethroids, the most commonly used insecticides, mainly act on voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels, key actors of neuronal and muscular excitability. The project addresses the role of these c
An integrated test of Natural-Enemy mediated tree BEta-DIVersity across South American rain forests – NEBEDIV
Natural enemies have great potential to drive the tremendous diversity of tropical tree communities. The NEBEDIV project will allow us to address the two key components underlying natural enemy driven ß-diversity: (1) characterization of large-scale co-variation in plant-insect-fungal communities ac
Multiple infections and virulence – MULTIVIR
Theory predicts that virulence should be higher when multiple strains of parasites regularly compete within hosts. This is because, under conditions of multiple infection, parasites that exhaust limiting host resources more rapidly will leave more descendents than those that follow a more prudent st
Evolution of natural resistance to cancer: Peto’s paradox revisited – EVOCAN
This is a resubmission of a project submitted last year. The main criticisms were 1) too many unrelated topics, 2) certain tasks involve the acquisition of data already published in the literature and 3) no preliminary data. Our project has been carefully revised in several ways: 1) the project is n