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Effect of maize diversification on its associative symbiosis with Pseudomonas fluorescens rhizobacteria – SymbioMaize
During the domestication of maize, the plant has adapted to different soil types and climatic conditions. Maize domestication has resulted in maize diversification. Currently, varietal selection has favored the productivity of the crop but has led to lose its ability to interact with beneficial soil
Adaptive management in insect pest control in thermally heterogeneous agricultural landscapes – MAN-PEST
If the future demand of 9 billions people is to be met, food production must virtually double by the year 2050. One potential approach of meeting this demand is the control of crop pests, which globally consume the amount of food sufficient to feed more than 1 billion people. In the context of impro
BIOdiversity and ecosystem functioning of MANgroves in French Guiana: prospects for ecOsystem management in the Amazonian system – BIOMANGO
Mangrove forests, consisting of trees with feet in the sea, providing irreplaceable socio-economic and ecological services. The Guianese mangroves, being adapted to sedimentary recurrent disturbances, constitute 70% of French mangroves. Biomango, a multidisciplinary international project proposes (i
Role of the prenatal environment in the development of food neophobia : olfactory and hormonal regulation in birds – FeedPhobic
We propose a program of fundamental research to investigate whether in ovo experience can regulate the expression of food neophobia in domestic chicks. We will analyze the neuronal circuits and genes involved in the regulation of this behavior. Ou project could shed light on new potential convergenc
Phenotypic plasticity and social life facilitate the evolution of new phenotypes in ants – ANTEVO
Understanding how biodiversity is generated is essential to grasp the effects of environmental changes on the living. Ants are an ideal model because of their ecological success and diversity. How could they evolve novel castes (wingless queens, soldiers) in addition to the ancestral castes (winged
Molecular mechanisms of muscle stem cells's commitment into the fusion with a myoblast or a myotube in fish – RecrutCell
The expected results will constitute a breakthrough in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in the commitment of the satellite cells in the fusion with a myocyte or a myotube. The combination of the in vivo and in vitro assays on the fish species will allow to identify new key genes involv
Evolution of local adaptation in anthropogenic environment – ELOCANTH
Plant species that grow on polluted sites are metal tolerant. Some are also metal hyperaccumulating in aboveground tissues, and are thus genetic resources for the development of depollution techniques or improvement of food quality. In this context, we study the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms res
Symbiotic Interface of a cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Endosymbiosis – inSIDE
The symbiotic interaction between cnidarians and dinoflagellates form both the trophic and the structural foundation of the coral reef ecosystem, and this partnership is centered on metabolic exchange. The aim of this multidisciplinary project is to better characterize these exchanges (identity of t
Origin, adaptation and evolution of Plasmodium falciparum – ORIGIN
In this project, our aim is to reconstruct and get clues on how the transfer of P. falciparum to humans occurred. This will include: aim 1) a more thorough examination of the natural host range of P. praefalciparum, a lineage discovered recently in gorillas and suspected to be at the origin of P. fa
Origins of evolutionary novelty in a clade of hybridizing species – HybEvol
Multiscale approach (locus-genome-phenotype) using the rich ecogenomics framework offered by butterflies (rare combination of genomic resources, great natural variation, and a well-studied ecology). (1) Understand the origins of genomic rearrangements. Current data suggest hybridization is involved;
Fragmented populations and dispersal syndromes: from genes to metapopulations dynamic – FRADISYN
Habitat fragmentation change a large habitat into small habitat patches isolated which results in the decrease of species viability. Indeed, this isolation decreases movements between patches and therefore prevents almost extinct populations to be rescued. This project aims at understanding how disp
Floral evolution in Magnoliidae: an integrated phylogenetic and Evo-Devo approach – MAGNIPHY
Flowers are the showcase of the evolution of the angiosperms (or flowering plants) and played a key role in their success and diversification. Yet little is known on the evolution of flowers at the scale of angiosperms. The ultimate goal of the proposed project is to produce a new synthesis of flora
Genetic sex determination and evolution of sexual dimorphism in seaweeds – SEXSEAWEED
The brown algae represent an interesting group to study sex because they exhibit a broad range of different sexual characteristics (isogamy/anisogamy, sex determination in either the diploid or the haploid phase, varying levels of sexual dimorphism, etc.). The filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus is pa
Regulation of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis by microRNAs – miRcorrhiza
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis is a widespread symbiosis which concerns around 8% of terrestrial land plants and fungi. This symbiosis increases the nutrition of the plant, by providing her water and nutrients, especially phosphorus, and should be key component of sustainable management of agr
What constraints the order of mutations ? – TempoMut
How free is the evolution of life’s macromolecules? Are there strong constraints on the order of mutations? How such constraints originate? If constraints are strong and pervasive how predictable are evolutionary pathways? This project is an attempt to address these scientific questions that are fun