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Iron uptake pathways in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: their specificities and complexity – IronPath
We propose to focus on new aspects of ferrisiderophore transport, which disserved little or no attention until now, like the mechanism of iron release from the siderophore and iron transport across the inner membrane. FpvCDEF and FpvGHJK are two inner membrane complexes probably involved in this pro
Protein assembly in healthy and pathological tissues by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) – AFM-2-BioMed
-Define membrane protein imaging conditions and experimental setups -Develop and use laser micro-dissection for lens mRNA measure -Atomic force microscopy imaging of the +cAMP conformation of Mlok1 -Atomic force microscopy imaging of clathrin (preliminary) -High-speed Atomic force microscopy imag
Mechanisms of oxidative turnover in jasmonate hormonal signaling – JASMON'OX
Hormonal regulations are crucial to plant development and adaptation to their often hostile environment. Jasmonic acid (JA) that has a structure reminiscent of animal prostaglandins, is a pro-hormone playing important rôles in plant development and in response to microbial infections or insect attac
Structural and functional characterization of the Metallospherae sedula ESCRT-III-like proteins – ESCRT-ARC
The different aims of the project are as follow: 1. Crystal structure of CdvB (ESCRT-III like) and/or paralogous proteins 2. Structural basis of CdvB polymerization 3. Crystal structure of CdvC Dodecamer (AAA-ATPase) and characterization of its interaction with ESCRT-III 4. Analysis of artif
Structure-function analysis of pathogen sensors binding plant-tumor compounds – sensor
This multidisciplinary project proposes to solve the structure of four important periplasmic binding proteins (Atu4243, OccJ, NocT and AccA) from the plant pathogen A. tumefaciens in addition to genomic and in planta experiments to understand their function and regulation. Structures of Atu4342 with
The structural cycle of kinesins at atomic resolution: kinesin-tubulin interaction and nucleotide state. – (Kines-Tubul-DARP)-in
Cytoskeletal motors are integral to all forms of eukaryotic life, with roles ranging from intracellular transport to cell division. They use the energy released upon ATP hydrolysis to produce work and most often move either along actin filaments, in the case of myosins, or along microtubules for dyn
Mechanism and dynamics of DNA photorepair by (6-4) photolyase – (6-4)PhotoMec
Repair of DNA damage induced by UV light from the Sun is crucial for survival on Earth. The two most prominent UV lesions are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) and pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproduct (6-4PP). To repair them, Nature has developed specific, light-driven enzymes: CPD photolyase and
Role of SoSLIP/FMRP(Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein) complex in translational regulation – So-FragileX
i) To understand the regulation of Sod1 expression in the brain means also to get deep insight into the physiopathology of Fragile X syndrome; ii) To search for other mRNAs containing SoSLIP (or SoSLIP-like motif) to be able to assess whether this functional motif has a unique function (translatio
Function of LEA and sHSP mitochondrial stress proteins in Arabidopsis – MITOZEN
In the context of climate change, it appears essential to unravel the mechanisms governing abiotic stress tolerance in higher plants, in order to build predictive models and use this knowledge to assist selection and design of stress tolerant crops. We have previously uncovered remarkable adaptation
Molecular mechanisms structuring the E. coli chromosomal macrodomains and their integration in the control of the cell cycle – MolMac
The genomic DNA of all organisms must be condensed to fit within the confines of cells that are typically several thousand-fold smaller than the DNA itself. Compaction of bacterial chromosomes results in the formation of a structure called the nucleoid. Recent studies in E. coli have revealed a mult
Novel protein degradation pathways in Archaea – ARCHELYSE
The targeted destruction of proteins by the proteasome system regulates directly many biological functions, allows the cells to get rid off non-functional proteins and participitate to extreme environmental adaptation. Proteasome malfunctions are implicated in ageing, pathogenicity, cancer and degen
Structural and functional analysis of the histone variant H2AZ deposition/exchange mechanisms. – VARIZOME
The genome is organized within cell in association with proteins to form chromatin that is controlling genome activity. Genome activity is influenced by past events that occurred during organism development and adult life thanks to epigenetic memory. When epigenetic memory fails, cells dysfunction,
Transcription and Human Genetic Disorders – TransDis
The properties of a cell are determined by the genetic information encoded in its genome. Understanding how such information is differentially and dynamically retrieved as a function of the cell type and at different cellular states, is a major challenge facing molecular biology. We previously focus
Structural And Functional Analysis of Yeast Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors – SAFAPOLYA
Polyadenylation is an essential process in messenger RNA maturation. This modification is coupled to termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II, and, as such, the poly(A) tail allows export of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of the cell. Translation of mRNAs into proteins and stabilit
Structure, function and dynamics of the transcription factor TFIIH – TFIIH-Complexes
In eukaryotes, the multi-protein complex TFIIH plays a key role in both the regulation of gene expression and maintenance of genome integrity. Transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II requires the cooperative assembly of more than 40 proteins, among which the 10 subunits of general transcriptio
Selective use of aromatic amino acids by radical SAM proteins. – SelArom
Radical S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAM) enzymes are capable of catalyzing chemically difficult reactions such as S atom insertions, cyclizations and unusual methylations. One-electron transfer from a conserved Fe4S4 cluster to SAM induces its cleavage and leads to the production of a 5'-deoxyadenosyl
Structure and function of human NHEJ multiprotein complexes – NHEJ-complexes
The first goal of the ANR project will be to tackle the challenge of the production of the seven core proteins that are central to recognize, to process and to ligate the two DNA extremities generated during a double-strand break. The second main goal will be to unveil the molecular mechanism of the
Role of thylakoid FtsH proteases in biogenesis and degradation of the chloroplast proteins in the photosynthetic model-organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii – FtsH-Thyl-Chlamy
Despite increasing efforts of several teams, our knowledge of the substrate spectrum and physiological relevance of the various thylakoid proteases remains very limited. The role of thylakoid FtsH proteases in biogenesis and degradation of chloroplast proteins will be studied in the photosynthetic m
New way to fight against antibiotic resistance: reconstruction of a three-component efflux pump – ASSEMBLY
After several decades of continued success of antibiotic therapy against bacterial infections, we are now facing an increasing threat: the accelerated evolution of antibiotic resistance in important human pathogens and the scarcity of new anti-infective drug families under development. For this reas
Structure and function of the transcription et replication machinery of the non-segmented negative strand RNA viruses – NNViPol
Our project aims (1) at determining the structure of polymerase complex of MNV, (2) at deciphering the molecular details of mechanisms of action and regulation of the complex machinery that transcribes and replicates the genome of MNV and (3) at evaluating the potential of the N0-P complex as a targ
Towards the structure of the proton channel and the dimerization interface of the yeast mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP synthase. – F1Fo-Struct
ATP is the universal fuel molecule of any cell. The F1Fo-ATP synthase is a key enzyme of the energetic metabolism since it is responsible of most of the cellular synthesis of ATP. This 600 kDa complex is composed in yeast by 17 distinct subunits. It uses the energy of an electrochemical proton gradi
Structural and functional characterisation of Human Sulfs – SULF
Heparan sulfate (HS) is a sulfated, complex polysaccharide, ubiquitously found at the cell surface and in extra-cellular matrices. It is involved in major cellular processes, as it is able to bind and modulate the activity of a very large array of proteins. These interactions occur through saccharid
Synthesis and Cellular Evaluation of Specific Porphyrin and Salen Based G-Quadruplex Ligands – QUARPDIEMS
Although the structures of G-quadruplexes have been well studied in vitro, if, when, and where they form in vivo and how they might affect cell biology are key questions. We wish to achieve a high level of specificity for particular G-quadruplex conformations. Such discrimination, while highly desir
Role of transcription termination in the control of hidden transcription in yeast S. cerevisiae – TermCUT
Transcription termination is essential, not only to allow the correct ending of functional transcripts but also to prevent interference between adjacent regions of transcription and between transcription and other cellular events such as replication or telomere maintenance. This is even more critica
Impact of Single Strand Recombinases and Transposases on Genome Dynamics – MOBISING
The first challenge is to obtain a detailed description of molecular transposition mechanism adopted by the model element IS608. This IS, a paradigm of a new class of transposon, the IS200/IS605 family, is fundamentally different from classical ISs. It transposes using a unique single strand-specifi